What enlightenment does this rainstorm bring to the Forbidden City that there is no water？

　　The drainage system of the Forbidden City embodies the wisdom of ancient craftsmen, and the underground drainage ditches are criss-crossed and extremely developed.

　　The full text is 1480 words, and it takes about 4 minutes to read.

　　Written by/edited by Liu Zao (media person)/proofread by Chi Daohua/Liu Jun

　　▲ The underground drainage ditches in the Forbidden City are criss-crossed and extremely developed. Figure/Beijing News Our video

　　In the past two days, Beijing has experienced continuous heavy rainfall. On the morning of July 31, the Beijing News reporter saw in the Palace Museum that the drainage system of the Palace Museum was running smoothly. It is reported that the Forbidden City still continues to use the ancient drainage system.

　　Previously, whenever extreme weather such as rainstorm came, the "urban legend" of the Forbidden City "without water for 600 years" appeared in the public opinion field. It seems that the wisdom of the ancients has some mysterious power, while the construction of modern cities is dwarfed.

　　In fact, this time the staff of the Forbidden City also came out to "blame". According to the staff, in historical documents, it is often found that there are some records such as roof leakage, wall collapse and courtyard water accumulation in the whole area of the Forbidden City. For example, in April of the lunar calendar in the eleventh year of Guangxu, the water accumulation from Donghuamen to Xihuamen was "several feet".

　　However, the practice at that time was to find the blocking point as soon as possible and clean it up, so that the drainage function of the Forbidden City could be quickly restored. It can be seen that the so-called "the Forbidden City has no water for 600 years" is just a legend. The Forbidden City is not impeccable, but it is maintained in time to alleviate the situation of water accumulation.

　　In fact, there is nothing incomprehensible about whether there is water in the Forbidden City or not. According to the most basic common sense, as long as the precipitation is greater than the displacement, there will be water accumulation.

　　According to the introduction of the Palace Museum, the drainage system of the Palace Museum can cope with the rainfall of about 20 mm in one hour. However, from 20: 00 on July 29th to 18: 00 on the 31st, the average rainfall in Beijing reached 207.6mm.. When it comes to this kind of rainfall, it is not surprising that the Forbidden City has accumulated water.

　　Of course, objectively speaking, the drainage system of the Forbidden City really embodies the wisdom of ancient craftsmen, and the underground drainage ditches are criss-crossed and extremely developed. "No water accumulation for 6 00 years" is of course an exaggeration, but its drainage capacity is really second to none in ancient buildings.

　　However, people should also see the particularity of the Forbidden City, which is the imperial city after all. Planning and construction are the "ceilings" of ancient buildings and are not general. In addition, the building density of the Forbidden City is not dense from a modern point of view, and the difficulty of drainage is difficult to compare with modern buildings.

　　In the praise of the Forbidden City, people seem to project some kind of imagination: the design of the ancients has great wisdom, even more advanced and advanced than modern urban construction. There is no need for this kind of thick and thin, not to mention the Forbidden City. It is not only common but also very serious for ancient cities to encounter urban waterlogging.

　　In the Ming Dynasty, Lang Ying wrote in his book "Seven Revision Manuscripts": "It rained continuously in Beijing, and the western hills were flooded, pouring into the capital for several feet. Many houses were lost, and the dead were not counted, and they went straight into the imperial city." Similar records are not uncommon in Ming and Qing dynasties.

　　The capital city of the Northern Song Dynasty, Bianliang, often suffers from waterlogging even if it has a very wide drainage system, even if it is near the Yellow River. Su Shi wrote in a poem: "Suddenly it was noon, and it rained heavily in Beijing. Cai he decided in the middle of the night and immersed in the south of the country. The horses and chariots did not see each other again, and they all fucked Lang. " There is a flood in the city, and even the chariots and horses can't be seen, which shows its seriousness.

　　This also shows that people don't have to be attached to the ancient times. The traditional craftsmanship is exquisite, but there is nothing incredible. The key point is that in modern cities, dense population, complex urban functions, sophisticated infrastructure, etc., it is doomed that we can only explore modern methods to deal with heavy rain. In the struggle against extreme weather, people must constantly innovate, upgrade their scientific and technological content and enhance their emergency response capabilities. This is the fundamental solution.

　　Of course, there is a detail in the stagnant water in the Forbidden City that is still worth pondering. It is reported that in recent years, plastic bags, mineral water bottles, paper and other sundries have been found in the cleaning of the drainage system of the Forbidden City, and even "large" items such as towels and clothes have been found. The products of these modern industries have greatly aggravated the drainage burden of the Forbidden City, which is probably one of the reasons for water accumulation.

　　This also shows that modern industrial production has greatly enriched people's material life, but if its waste is not handled properly, it will bring new problems to urban drainage. This may also be another modern revelation of the stagnant water in the Forbidden City: to improve urban governance, we need to pay attention to all aspects and polish every detail, so that urban security can be guaranteed to the greatest extent.

　　Editor on duty Li Jia Jian Gu Li

　　Part of this article was first published in Beijing News "Beijing News Review".

　　It shall not be reproduced without the written authorization of Beijing News.

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