How to identify the color of old jade？

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　　When it comes to collecting, mentality is also very important than playing with things. Playing with jade is actually simple; Looking for a boutique, the fate of a lifetime. However, the collection of ancient jade should be cautious, and we must be open-minded and eager to learn, understand the collection in all directions through books and the Internet, seek advice from jade friends with practical experience, and improve our ability of identification. Don't take collection as a shortcut to get rich. Only by determining the level of collection and enjoying the process of collection according to the amount of your own savings can you have a correct collection mentality.

　　First, Qin color identification:

　　1. Causes: Wang Hongqi, a famous connoisseur of ancient jade collection in China, explained the causes of Qin color from a microscopic perspective, which is very convincing and coincides with my own thoughts. He believes that jade is buried in a closed grave or soil for a long time. Under the influence of soil, ground temperature, ground moisture and the substances in the pit, the molecules of jade itself are qualitatively changed, the structural water is lost, and its pores are enlarged. All kinds of colored impurities in the soil will slowly invade the jade, which will produce all kinds of dark colors. For example, yellow, red or ochre soil ooze is due to the intrusion of trivalent iron ions in the soil into the jade, which shows different colors such as yellow, red and ochre due to the amount of intrusion; Black ooze is formed by organic matter invading the jade in the soil or in the pit, and carbon-containing substances slowly invading after rotting, such as clothes and coffins, rather than mercury. Experiments show that mercury can't be dissolved in water and can't invade the jade. Therefore, mercury has no effect on the dark color of jade; The phenomenon of cascading flocculent water seeping is due to the change of molecular internal structure of jade after long-term physical and chemical reactions in water, forming a phenomenon similar to flocculent and mica, rather than real water seeping.

　　2, identification points:

　　A, jade will produce Qin color for more than one hundred years, so almost all unearthed jade have Qin color, with few exceptions. Of course, the speed of soaking depends on the texture of jade itself and the environment in the pit. If the jade is good, it will be slow to receive it; Jade quality is poor, and vice versa. Dry pits and wet pits are relatively slow to soak, while articles in puddles rot badly, and soak faster and more seriously.

　　B, Qin color change is rich, the transition is natural, it goes deep into the texture, and it has a layered feeling, accompanied by soil erosion, biting, cracking, gray skin and other phenomena. Wash off the dirt on the surface with water, and the jade surface is cleaner and never dirty. The edge of jade is dark and the interior is shallow. This shows that Qin color first invades from the edge, and then slowly penetrates. However, artificial coloring is superficial, rigid, uniform but unchanged. The appearance of the imitation is intentionally stained with sundries, dirt, rotten iron, rotten copper slag, etc., which looks like soil rust; The real soil rust is actually a soil bite, which can also be understood as the corrosion of the jade surface, not an attachment. Everyone must pay attention to this! ! !

　　C, the yin and yang sides of jade articles are affected by different degrees, and the degree and color change of the yin side is more severe than that of the yang side. This shows that the dark side is greatly influenced by ground temperature and humidity, and the molecular structure of jade changes greatly. The fake color is basically the same on both sides.

　　D, when playing, the original jade watch invisible Qin color will appear, such as black Qin point. See Qin color will be lost or flow, such as yellow soil Qin. After playing, jade will become moist and transparent. In the process of playing fake dishes, the color of Qin has basically not changed, and the jade watch is relatively blunt.

　　E, if the jade is influenced by the mineral color in the soil and forms a dark color, the color will fade when it is played or soaked in warm water. This is because the soil is rich in iron ion color components, such as jade unearthed in red soil in southern Shandong, because the soil is rich in iron, red ooze often appears. Because the molecular structure of jade is changed after calcification or jade is loose, it will adsorb the mineral color in the soil, but some parts will be diluted when jade is soaked in warm water because the color adsorption is not very firm. However, when you play half-cooked, the color will remain in the jade, which is the Qin color left by the chemical and physical changes between the molecules of jade and the molecules of various substances in the soil. This kind of Qin color will not only disappear, but also increase, spread and change when playing. (For example, the invisible dark color in the pit state will appear when playing, etc. )

　　Many jade friends don't understand it, and they don't know its cause, so they usually think it's chemical dyeing and fake when they see the color. This reminds everyone: in such a situation, don't kill it with a stick, or make a decision after comprehensively analyzing other characteristics.

　　F, jade articles that are soaked but not calcified are all transparent when they are hit by lights. Qin color is rich in changes, and the artificially colored parts are opaque and rigid in changes.

　　G. Observing under a magnifying glass, the dark part will be mixed with dark dots or silk threads, which are naturally distributed. For example, the cow hair is also the appearance.

　　H. When Shuiqin's jade plate is played, the Shuiqin part changes, but the change is slow. The main reason is that the jade is immersed in water for a long time, and the transformation process of jade is slow, so the redox process is also slow after being unearthed. Fake goods have no water at all.

　　I. If it is a bronze jade, first, it will smell like copper rust. Second, local scalding of boiling water will not only smell, but also fade. Experiments show that copper ooze is easily dissolved in water. If you play with it or see water, copper ooze will disappear soon. It is suggested that if there are jade articles with copper ooze, it is best not to play or see water.

　　J, Tuqin's heavier jade articles will be discolored if they are left in the air for a long time, and at the same time, there will be natural patina. It's a bit like what everyone said. Personally, I think that when jade is placed in the natural environment, the jade surface reacts with the air. Of course, it is impossible to rule out other chemical reactions with active gases in the air.

　　K, the flocculent phenomenon formed by water ooze generally exists at the same time with the internal cracks of jade. However, the original jade articles are irregularly distributed, scattered and disorderly, and basically no cracks can be seen.

　　(The pictures and texts are from the original author of the online version)

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