Village in the city： Zhu Shazhi drifting deeply.

　　In summer in the south, the sun is warm and the rain is abundant. Nowadays, the Baishi Prefecture, where the crowd left, is dusty and the machines are roaring. In the near future, tall buildings will rise from the ground. It used to be the largest village in Shenzhen, the center of the city and the edge of the city. Time shuttled through the treetops, quietly staying in a summer of 2006. A young girl named Shen Yeling (a pseudonym) walked slowly on the stone road that had just been ravaged by the typhoon to a huge building complex. The houses here were square and dense, just like pieces of cut tofu. Stepping into it, she will be greeted by the smell of oil smoke that will never dissipate, the clothes that will never dry on the balcony, and the "ant family" life in the village under the eyes of each other.

　　intergrowth

　　The cramped, interwoven wires of the handshake building, the noisy crowd and the landlord of the greasy chicken thief, Shen Yeling wanted to escape on the first day of his arrival. We are familiar with its face in many texts about the village in the city, and Shen Yeling's "village in the city" has also been wrapped up in the years. The village in the city is a landscape in Shenzhen, which is not beautiful, but it is the most colorful city symbol in Shenzhen. Although it is not an ideal residence, it is a youth training manual for countless deep drifters. According to a recent survey of coral data, among the villages in Shenzhen, 29.9% of the tenants are post-90s, 36.2% are post-80s tenants aged 31 -40, accounting for the highest proportion, and the population over 50 accounts for 17.2%. In this city, whether you are a famous college student or a migrant worker with a low education level, the scattered peasant houses are the first stop after many people drift to Shenzhen, which can provide them with a relatively cheap residence and all kinds of cheap delicious food. In and out of the most prosperous and bright place, I live in the cheapest building. When I am in trouble, I look at the gorgeous community across the street. I know that from here to there, I can measure it with my steps. Even if I can't reach the other side of my dream, I can still have a place to belong.

　　Village in the city is the starting point, but different people have different life trajectories. Some people keep breaking the status quo and flying high. In a small rental house in Baishizhou, the singer Chen Chusheng wrote "Did anyone tell you". After becoming famous, Chen Chusheng went to Beijing for development. And more people, such as Shen Yeling, still live in the village in the city, just moved from Baishizhou to another village in the city, like hardworking bees, who leave at sunrise and gather at sunset and enjoy it.

　　In the village in the city, Shen Yeling travels through two parallel worlds every day, prosperous and broken at the same time. There are countless young people like Ling Ye who come home on time at 2: 00 and 1: 00 to make money, and occasionally go to the newly opened shopping mall nearby for a cup of milk tea. Most of the tenants in a building come and go in a hurry. Obviously, everyone is very close, but they are stranger than strangers. "Life in a village in the city is tailor-made for a' house girl' like me." In her eyes, the village in the city has a low cost of living and a good geographical location, and can sleep for a while in the morning. In addition, there are small businesses such as repairing electrical appliances, hardware stores, grocery stores and noodle shops, and all life problems can be solved downstairs. According to the survey results of coral data, 80.8% of the tenants choose to live in the village in the city because of their short commuting time, which is convenient for commuting; 46.5% is because the rent is cheap; 43.5% is because there is room for solitude. "Although they are all called' villages', it is very different from the countryside where I used to live." Since Ling Ye came to the village in the city, he only met his neighbors several times, and talked for less than a minute before and after, even when he didn't know what his occupation was, his neighbors moved away. Some organizations have investigated that Shenzhen tenants will change rooms every nine months on average. But in fact, no matter how many times they move, their next stop is still the village in the city, and the living history of the village in the city for more than three years is the average of the new Shenzhen people.

　　Ling Ye said that people often ask her, "How can you stand living in a village in the city for so many years?" At first, she would smile awkwardly and carefully list the benefits of renting a house in a village in the city, but when she asked too many questions, she stopped answering. She said, "The most uncomfortable thing is that others misunderstand the village in the city." She believes that the village in the city is what Shenzhen looks like after removing its makeup. Love Shenzhen not only loves its rich makeup, but also its natural beauty.

　　The charm of the village in the city is not only the relatively low rent and lots that developers covet, but also the "cold" and "hot" that you can take for yourself. It is a refuge away from the noisy city; This is a steaming world, strong and lovely. In the evening, the off-duty workers, the snake-shaped electric cars, the old people sitting in the pavilion, the children playing around, and the people in the alley all came out, and the shouts fluctuated and drowned out the dripping water of the air conditioner. Ling Ye said that after work, she often comes to watch TV outside a small shop. Here, you seem to have returned to the streets of the 1990s. A large group of people who don't know each other are sitting outside a canteen watching TV, while the owner of the small shop is leaning against the glass cabinet and smiling at the crowd. The streets and alleys are filled with fireworks, but spread out on earth. The village in the city may not be Bai Yueguang, but it is an indelible "Zhu Shazhi" in some people's hearts.

　　For example, Chen Chusheng, a former tenant in a village in the city, sang in the lyrics of the song "Baishizhou" he wrote in 2022. It is one of the few breathing corners in high-speed life, and it is also a place where wonderful dreams and cruel reality coexist ...

　　According to public information, there are 1,746 villages in Shenzhen with a building area of 209 million square meters, with more than 320,000 buildings and more than 10 million people, which is about equal to one in every two people on the streets of Shenzhen. The original building in the village in the city is a "peasant house" for villagers' own use. The initial organization of the space is probably close to that of a multi-storey villa, but the appearance is rough and simple, and there is no exquisite beauty of the villa. When the high rent squeezed migrant workers into "peasant houses", savvy southerners discovered the wealth code. For landlords, increasing the number of rooms is to create wealth. Therefore, landlords began to build more buildings like building blocks. After this series of transformations, houses that originally belonged to families became "containers" of high-density mixed cities. The accumulation of building boxes, the primitive and simple urban ecology and the lingering fireworks are the most fascinating part of the village in the city.

　　Growth pain

　　In the changing times, history is light and heavy. In the early days of China's reform and opening up, the government reclaimed large areas of farmland from local villagers and demarcated the scope of new villages on the basis of these lands. Because of the housing needs of a large number of immigrants in Shenzhen, rural houses became hot rental houses. Mr. Zhang, the landlord who often sits in the village pavilion for tea and chat, said that he has done two things in his life, from fishing to "planting" houses. He can see that Shenzhen has upgraded alternative industries from agriculture to real estate, and he can see that Mr. Zhang has realized wealth freedom. There is no such thing as a paragraph circulating on the Internet, with a string of keys hanging around his waist, holding a snakeskin bag and wearing flip-flops to collect rent from house to house, because he transferred his property in the village in the city to the "second landlord", and now the most common rental market is the professional second landlord, who receives the house from the big landlord. Generally, there are two modes of cooperation: entrustment mode or lease mode. The difference is that if Dafangdong entrusts the house to the second landlord, Then the second landlord not only has the right to lease, but also takes full responsibility for the decoration of the house. Since ancient times, the second landlord has been engaged in this business. There is no need to worry about whether he can make money. Their best skill is scissorhands. From utilities to rent, their forefinger and middle finger are not "love and peace", but the rich rent difference. Before 2014, it was the golden age of the rapid expansion of the "second landlord". The overall rent of the market was not high, the population continued to flow in, the rental agency was not yet born, and the mom-and-pop shops and hometown shops blossomed everywhere, making a fortune. They know all kinds of local resources well, use them skillfully, and constantly strengthen and strengthen them.Form the potential of future scale. However, all kinds of hidden dangers make these "second landlords" become the mud on the "radish" of the village in the city.

　　In addition to the "growing pains" similar to those of the second landlord, there are many illegal buildings, illegal incidents and poor environmental sanitation, and there are also many "basic diseases". Although the living environment of the village in the city has been improved through continuous comprehensive management by the government. However, the provision of urban public service projects involves many interests of all parties and a wide range of functions that need to be met. In the operation and implementation, it is necessary to build a high-rise building and remove the cocoon.

　　Coral data in the survey of tenants shows that the first is the ventilation and air quality of the room, and 68.2% people think it is the key to the reconstruction of urban villages; The second place is noise protection, and 60.3% of the residents are troubled by the noise of the construction team downstairs and the family slapstick next door. The third place is the mobile network signal. In the Internet age, the network is as important as air for young people, accounting for 58.1%.

　　And enlarge the perspective and lengthen the time. Since 2008, the investment value of the commodity housing market has soared. In Shenzhen, which faces the contradiction between a large population and a small amount of land, villages in the city that occupy a lot of scarce land have to face the fate of demolition. For villagers, the one-time buyout of housing age is more tempting than long-term benefits. The demolition and reconstruction of a large number of villages in the city leads to the continuous migration of tenants, and low-and middle-income people have no housing to rent. The government's master plan for villages in the city (old villages) in Shenzhen (2018-2025), the document points out that from the height of urban development strategy, Shenzhen aims to accelerate the construction of socialist modernization pioneer areas, with improving the quality of urban development and enhancing urban competitiveness as the core, and reserves it. In other words, Shenzhen will no longer "destroy" villages in the city in exchange for urban development dividends.

　　freshman

　　Although the demolition and construction of the village in the city has pressed the pause button, the foreigners living in the village in the city have fallen into another kind of worry. On the last day of February, 2023, Shenzhen announced that from 2023 to 2025, the city will build and raise no less than 460,000 sets of affordable housing with a construction area of over 20 million square meters. At the same time, the Shenzhen Housing Construction Bureau also issued the Key Guidelines for the Large-scale and Quality Improvement of Affordable Housing in Urban Villages in Shenzhen. The establishment of state-owned enterprises to live in Weitang opened the prelude to the large-scale transformation of urban villages. People living in the "village" are worried that the rent in the village will be more expensive after the renovation, and that Shenzhen will not want them ... Although Shenzhen officials responded to the criticism of "unified rent", it does not seem to dispel the tenants' doubts.

　　The future fate of the village in the city has always been a matter of concern to the residents. On the evening of July 21st, the Standing Committee of the State Council made a heavy news and deliberated and passed the Guiding Opinions on Actively and Steadily Promoting the Reconstruction of the Village in the Mega-cities, hereinafter referred to as the Guiding Opinions. This guiding opinion put forward the objectives and measures for the reconstruction of the village in the city, and clearly put forward the principle of "no rent increase", which responded to the most fundamental interests of the residents and answered the question of "deep" The construction of affordable housing is more standardized, cleaner and more livable, so that new citizens and young people with low incomes can "rent", "rent" and "live well", which can not only keep the rent relatively low and keep the fireworks, but also provide a safer and more livable "home" for those who come to Shenzhen. In addition, the guidance also encourages business innovation and supports the participation of private capital. Indeed,

　　As a mega-city, Shenzhen is undoubtedly one of the main battlefields that have attracted much attention. Based on the reality of Shenzhen, as a typical immigrant city, it has a large foreign population and a large mobility of personnel, and the scale and volume of villages in cities are among the highest in the country. More importantly, for Shenzhen, which is short of land resources, it is the mission and the "most realistic answer" to increase the supply of housing and rental housing.

　　At present, there are still many pain points in the reconstruction of villages in Shenzhen: large volume, difficult expropriation and demolition, and large capital demand. We also temporarily put aside these institutional and structural problems that can be changed overnight without our own efforts, and focus our attention back on "people" to take care of people's survival and development. What kind of "tools" do we need to make the village in the city exist in a better way?

　　The "Shenzhen model" for the transformation of villages in cities, which follows the direction and path provided by the Guiding Opinions of the Standing Committee of the State Council, is constantly exploring and answering.

　　Urban renewal is not only the demolition, construction and mending at the material space level, but also a systematic project to promote the sustainable development, high-quality development and high-level governance of the city. There are always many physical samples to be observed in Shenzhen. Dachong Village and Yuanfen Village, which have been renovated, are facing different but similar fates in the process of urbanization and urban renewal. After the renovation, these once "folded" villages in the city were opened in order, interwoven with the prosperous features and beautiful human settlements of modern cities.

　　When we passionately describe the urban life picture that we are pursuing, which is "emphasizing rules and order, but also showing vigor, touching life and embracing the future", the "reconstruction of villages in cities" retains the possibility of realizing this ideal life, which can not only accommodate the spread, but also provide attractive life choices for families of different types and incomes.

　　After changing his job, Shen Yeling, who lives in Sungang Village, returned to Baishizhou on a weekend. Not all the buildings in Baishizhou, which is being renovated, are being demolished. The hospital is operating normally. There is a bright Shahe Primary School in the dilapidated empty pile, and the landlord's direct rent is posted in the convenience column of the community: "The house with a single room of 1,300 yuan here should be worse. Compared with the rent of several hundred yuan before, the house here has increased in price. Now I live in the renovated one. Shen Yeling looked up at the vast blue sky. "No matter how it changes, I hope that the village in the city will always be there, but it will continue in a better way."

　　Producer: Tao Ran

　　Planning: Fu Ke, Yang Honghui, Xu Quansheng

　　Coordinator: Pan Yingyu

　　Written by: Southern Reporter Pan Yingyu Intern Shen Yanjun Xia Ruoyi

　　Photography: Southern Reporter Zhao Yanxiong

　　Poster: Chen Fang

　　Video: Liu Ao